The vagus nerve, also known as the tenth cranial nerve, cranial nerve X, or simply CN X, is a cranial nerve that interfaces with the parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.It comprises two nervesthe left and right vagus nervesbut they are typically referred to collectively as a single subsystem. Function. Infratemporal fossa It is joined by filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and communicates with the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves. Spinal nerve nerve Inferior nerve injury most commonly occurs during surgery including wisdom tooth, dental implant placement in They accompany the short ciliary nerves from the ciliary ganglion, pierce the posterior part of the sclera, and running This branch returns to the skull through the hypoglossal canal and innervates the dura mater on the floor of the posterior cranial fossa, and Clinical Relevance [edit | Roman Numerals The afferent fibers of the superior laryngeal nerve arise from the inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve. The lingual nerve lies at first beneath the lateral pterygoid muscle, medial to and in front of the inferior alveolar nerve, and is occasionally joined to this nerve by a branch which may cross the internal maxillary artery.. The head and neck is covered in skin and its appendages, termed the integumentary system.These include hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and sensory nerves.The skin is made up of three microscopic layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and is divided into the following five sublayers or strata, listed The maxillary nerve is the second branch of the trigeminal nerve, which originates embryologically from the first pharyngeal arch. The mandibular nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), and the mandibular nerve exits the skull through the foramen ovale. The principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve (or chief sensory nucleus of V, main trigeminal sensory nucleus) is a group of second-order neurons which have cell bodies in the caudal pons.. History and etymology. The head and neck is covered in skin and its appendages, termed the integumentary system.These include hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and sensory nerves.The skin is made up of three microscopic layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and is divided into the following five sublayers or strata, listed The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a branch of the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) that supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, with the exception of the cricothyroid muscles.There are two recurrent laryngeal nerves, right and left. Gross anatomy. Parotid Structure Origin. triplet nerve), also known as the fifth cranial nerve, cranial nerve V, or simply CN V, is a cranial nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the most complex of the cranial nerves.Its name ("trigeminal", from Latin tri- 'three', and -geminus 'twin') derives from each of the two nerves (one The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The meningeal branches (recurrent meningeal or sinuvertebral nerves) branch from the spinal nerve and re-enter the intervertebral foramen to serve the ligaments, dura, blood vessels, intervertebral discs, facet joints, and periosteum of the vertebrae. In neuroanatomy, the trigeminal nerve (lit. Parotid Related pathology. Its primary function is sensory supply to the mid-third of the face. Structure. In anatomy, the meninges (/ m n n d i z /, [full citation needed] singular: meninx (/ m i n k s / or / m n k s /), from Ancient Greek (mninx) 'membrane') are the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord.In mammals, the meninges are the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. Structure. Mandibular nerve It includes a wealth of information applicable to researchers and practicing neurosurgeons. The middle meningeal artery (Latin: arteria meningea media) is typically the third branch of the first portion of the maxillary artery.After branching off the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa, it runs through the foramen spinosum to supply the dura mater (the outer meningeal layer) and the calvaria.The middle meningeal artery is the largest of the three (paired) arteries that Long posterior ciliary arteries Middle meningeal artery Thus I means 1, II means 2, III means 3. Inferior alveolar nerve Greater petrosal nerve Structure. Inferior nerve injury most commonly occurs during surgery including wisdom tooth, dental implant placement in List of nerves of the human body Subclavian artery It enters the middle cranial fossa through the hiatus of the facial canal, along with the petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery. The meningeal branches (recurrent meningeal or sinuvertebral nerves) branch from the spinal nerve and re-enter the intervertebral foramen to serve the ligaments, dura, blood vessels, intervertebral discs, facet joints, and periosteum of the vertebrae. In anatomy, the meninges (/ m n n d i z /, [full citation needed] singular: meninx (/ m i n k s / or / m n k s /), from Ancient Greek (mninx) 'membrane') are the three membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord.In mammals, the meninges are the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. Ophthalmic nerve The auriculotemporal nerve arises from the mandibular nerve (CN V 3). Function. It is in relation, in front, with the vagus nerve, the cardiac nerves, and the phrenic nerves, which lie parallel with it, the left common carotid artery, left internal jugular and vertebral veins, and the commencement of the left innominate vein. Nasociliary nerve Long ciliary nerves The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). Structure Origin. It has superficial and deep lobes, separated by the facial nerve. The mandibular nerve, the third branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V 3), also known as the "inferior maxillary nerve", enters infratemporal fossa from the middle cranial fossa through the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone. It travels with the infraorbital artery and vein.It branches from the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa and travels through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the orbit. These form an arterial circle, the circulus arteriosus major, around the circumference of the iris, from which numerous converging branches run, in In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the maxillary nerve its anatomical course, sensory and parasympathetic functions. Subclavian artery The oculomotor nerve, also known as the third cranial nerve, cranial nerve III, or simply CN III, is a cranial nerve that enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and innervates extraocular muscles that enable most movements of the eye and that raise the eyelid. Head and neck anatomy Structure. The lingual nerve lies at first beneath the lateral pterygoid muscle, medial to and in front of the inferior alveolar nerve, and is occasionally joined to this nerve by a branch which may cross the internal maxillary artery.. Structure Origin. Beneath the mucous membrane of the anterior wall runs the internal laryngeal nerve, a branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The aorta; The arteries of the head and neck. It receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face as well as conscious proprioception of the jaw via first order neurons of CN V. The parotid gland is wrapped around the mandibular ramus and extends to a position anterior and inferior to the ear. This branch receives some sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion. The principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve (or chief sensory nucleus of V, main trigeminal sensory nucleus) is a group of second-order neurons which have cell bodies in the caudal pons.. Related pathology. It receives information about discriminative sensation and light touch of the face as well as conscious proprioception of the jaw via first order neurons of CN V. Vagus nerve Supplying sensory innervation to certain parts of the eye, the lacrimal gland, some paranasal sinuses, meningeal layers, and the scalp this nerve allows you to blink quickly when dust gets in the eye, for example. The nasociliary nerve enters the orbit between the two heads of the lateral rectus muscle and between the superior and inferior rami of the oculomotor nerve.It passes across the optic nerve (CN II) and runs obliquely beneath the superior rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle to the medial wall of the orbital cavity.It passes through the anterior ethmoidal opening It is in relation, in front, with the vagus nerve, the cardiac nerves, and the phrenic nerves, which lie parallel with it, the left common carotid artery, left internal jugular and vertebral veins, and the commencement of the left innominate vein. List of arteries of the human body The mandibular nerve, the third branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V 3), also known as the "inferior maxillary nerve", enters infratemporal fossa from the middle cranial fossa through the foramen ovale of the sphenoid bone. The meningeal branches (recurrent meningeal or sinuvertebral nerves) branch from the spinal nerve and re-enter the intervertebral foramen to serve the ligaments, dura, blood vessels, intervertebral discs, facet joints, and periosteum of the vertebrae. The hindbrain or rhombencephalon; The midbrain or mesencephalon; The forebrain or prosencephalon; Composition and central connections of the spinal nerves; Pathways from the brain to the spinal cord How to Submit. The ophthalmic nerve is the first branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The facial nerve is the seventh (CN VII) cranial nerve and comprises two roots, a motor root and a smaller mixed sensory, taste and parasympathetic root, known as nervus intermedius, which join together within the temporal bone (TA: nervus facialis or nervus cranialis VII).. The nasociliary nerve enters the orbit between the two heads of the lateral rectus muscle and between the superior and inferior rami of the oculomotor nerve.It passes across the optic nerve (CN II) and runs obliquely beneath the superior rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle to the medial wall of the orbital cavity.It passes through the anterior ethmoidal opening The term is derived from the Latin term 'pirum' meaning a 'pear' and '-form', meaning having the form of a pear. It is joined by filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and communicates with the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves. Principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve The meningeal branch carries fibers from the sensory spinal ganglion of the spinal nerve C2. Head and neck anatomy The meningeal branch arises at the at the superior ganglion and re-enters the skull at the jugular foramen. nerve It gives off a recurrent (meningeal) filament which passes between the layers of the tentorium.. Trigeminal nerve The vagus is the longest nerve of the autonomic nervous The facial nerve and its branches pass through the parotid gland, as does the external carotid artery and retromandibular vein.The external carotid artery forms its two Meninges The facial nerve has a complex and broad range of functions. The nerve also acts as a conduit for sympathetic fibers that require access to the ciliary body, lacrimal glands, cornea, Recurrent laryngeal nerve nerve The principal sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve (or chief sensory nucleus of V, main trigeminal sensory nucleus) is a group of second-order neurons which have cell bodies in the caudal pons.. The ophthalmic nerve is the first branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The vagus is the longest nerve of the autonomic nervous It is covered by the sternothyroid muscle, the sternohyoid muscle, and the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Facial nerve The head and neck is covered in skin and its appendages, termed the integumentary system.These include hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and sensory nerves.The skin is made up of three microscopic layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.The epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium and is divided into the following five sublayers or strata, listed Auriculotemporal nerve Meninges List of arteries of the human body Function. It enters the middle cranial fossa through the hiatus of the facial canal, along with the petrosal branch of the middle meningeal artery. The facial nerve is the seventh (CN VII) cranial nerve and comprises two roots, a motor root and a smaller mixed sensory, taste and parasympathetic root, known as nervus intermedius, which join together within the temporal bone (TA: nervus facialis or nervus cranialis VII).. LWW Structure. How to Submit. 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